"-end" meaning in Old English

See -end in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

IPA: /end/
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *-andi, from Proto-Germanic *-andz, taken from the present participle form of verbs. See -ende. Etymology templates: {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*-andi}} Proto-West Germanic *-andi, {{inh|ang|gem-pro|*-andz}} Proto-Germanic *-andz Head templates: {{head|ang|suffix|cat2=|head=|head2=|sort=}} -end, {{ang-suffix}} -end Inflection templates: {{ang-decl-noun-nd-m|-end}}, {{ang-decl-noun|-end|-end,-ende,-endas|-end|-end,-ende,-endas|-endes|-endra|-ende|-endum|num=|title=|type=strong nd-stem}} Forms: strong [table-tags], -end [nominative, singular], -end [nominative, plural], -ende [nominative, plural], -endas [nominative, plural], -end [accusative, singular], -end [accusative, plural], -ende [accusative, plural], -endas [accusative, plural], -endes [genitive, singular], -endra [genitive, plural], -ende [dative, singular], -endum [dative, plural]
  1. suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -a, -ere, -and, -nd
    Sense id: en--end-ang-suffix-~yHg9bCP Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 5 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-andi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-andi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-andz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-andz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-andi, from Proto-Germanic *-andz, taken from the present participle form of verbs. See -ende.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-nd-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nd-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-end"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-nd-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-end",
        "2": "-end,-ende,-endas",
        "3": "-end",
        "4": "-end,-ende,-endas",
        "5": "-endes",
        "6": "-endra",
        "7": "-ende",
        "8": "-endum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong nd-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 5 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "āgan (“to own”) + -end → āgend (“owner”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hǣlan (“to save”) + -end → hǣlend (“savior”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "lufian (“to love”) + -end → lufiend (“lover”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sċildan (“to protect”) + -end → sċildend (“protector”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "timbran (“to build”) + -end → timbrend (“builder”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er"
      ],
      "id": "en--end-ang-suffix-~yHg9bCP",
      "links": [
        [
          "-er",
          "-er"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-a"
        },
        {
          "word": "-ere"
        },
        {
          "word": "-and"
        },
        {
          "word": "-nd"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/end/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-end"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-andi"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-andi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-andz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-andz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *-andi, from Proto-Germanic *-andz, taken from the present participle form of verbs. See -ende.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-decl-noun-nd-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nd-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-end",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endra",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ende",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-endum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "ang-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-end"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun-nd-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-end",
        "2": "-end,-ende,-endas",
        "3": "-end",
        "4": "-end,-ende,-endas",
        "5": "-endes",
        "6": "-endra",
        "7": "-ende",
        "8": "-endum",
        "num": "",
        "title": "",
        "type": "strong nd-stem"
      },
      "name": "ang-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English nd-stem nouns",
        "Old English suffixes",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 5 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "āgan (“to own”) + -end → āgend (“owner”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "hǣlan (“to save”) + -end → hǣlend (“savior”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "lufian (“to love”) + -end → lufiend (“lover”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "sċildan (“to protect”) + -end → sċildend (“protector”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "timbran (“to build”) + -end → timbrend (“builder”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "suffix denoting the agent of an action; -er"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-er",
          "-er"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/end/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-a"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ere"
    },
    {
      "word": "-and"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nd"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-end"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -end meaning in Old English (3.2kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (94ba7e1 and 5dea2a6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.